CUSTODIAL VIOLENCE AND HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS

Abstract

Custodial violence in India is not only entrenched but its history is interwoven with the history of the development of policing and the criminal justice system. Patriarchal values were deeply ingrained in pre-colonial India and women faced discrimination and violence in myriad ways (Ghai, 2024).the heritage of colonial rule based on notions of keeping order by force or suppression helped relaying violence as a normal part of law enforcing. Founded upon the 1860 Indian Penal Code, a primer of Indian legalities that permitted provisions to be read or interpreted in ways that provided room for the practice of custodial abuse, coupled with ad-hoc mechanisms of local trials (Parajuli and Ganga, 2020).