INDIA'S INTERNATIONAL TRADE STATUS: FROM INDEPENDENCE TO 2020

Abstract

This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of India's international trade evolution from its independence in 1947 to 2020. It highlights the significant shifts in policy, trade patterns, and economic impact across distinct historical phases. India's post-independence era was characterized by an inward-looking, protectionist trade regime and extensive state control, which, despite initial foundational growth, ultimately led to economic stagnation and a severe balance of payments crisis in 1991.