THE SIGNIFICANCE OF SIXTH-CASE IN THE LIGHT OF PANINIAN GRAMMAR

Abstract

Sanskrit grammar is a unique and disambiguates theory. It is focused on the importance of sixth case and its features. The usages of sixth case are applied in Sanskrit literature in a vast ways as commented in Mahābhāṣyam by Lord Patañjali as ekaśataṃ ṣaṣṭhyarthāḥ under the rule - "ṣaṣṭhīs thāne yogā" (A.S.-1-1-49). Generally sixth case is not considered as kāraka as stated by neo-grammarians; whereas it is accepted as kāraka by ancient grammarians. Sixth case is treated as sambandhamor relation among seven vibhaktis. Out of these seven vibhaktis it is found one relation and six kārakas. So, in this monograph the relation or sixth case is discussed in detailed with examples, sub categories and applications. The systematically developed Aṣṭādhyāyī by Lord Pāṇinī suggests the rule - ṣaṣṭhī śeṣe (A.S.2-3-50). This plays an important role in it. Mainly it is of two parts of applications and usages of ṣaṣṭhīi.e. Rājñaḥpuruṣaḥ (The king’s person). In this instance both are noun. The former is king and the later is person. So, the king is also a noun and a person is also a noun. So that it has relations between these two persons. This kind of relations may happen with objects/people/things too.